12. (A)
Question type: Strengthen the Conclusion
In the argument, there is a jump from motive to morality _ motive and morality are not the same thing, and this gap needs to be addressed.
(A) is correct because it addresses this gap.
(B) is outside the scope of the argument.
(C) is outside the scope of the argument.
(D) is outside the scope of the argument.
(E) is only relevant to a misinterpretation of the conclusion.