4. (E)
Question type: Analyze Argument Structure
The conclusion, according to the argument, is that knowing what people value can help predict their actions. Answer choice (E) accurately represents the point made in the argument.
(A) is the most attractive of the incorrect answers, but it reverses the logic contained in the conclusion.
(B) similarly reverses the logic contained in the conclusion.
(C) is outside the scope of the argument.
(D) mistakes a premise for the conclusion.